Projecting sphere onto plane {homalographic projection} {equal area projection} can keep area ratios constant.
Projecting sphere onto plane {cylindrical projection, geometry} can make equator horizontal, make meridians perpendicular to equator and equidistant from each other, and place parallels at distances that maximally reduce distortion. Cylindrical projections preserve areas.
Projecting sphere onto plane {elliptical projection} can place equator, meridians, and parallels to maximally reduce distortion. Elliptical projections preserve areas.
Projecting sphere onto plane {orthographic projection, area} can use parallel rays to place one hemisphere on its equatorial plane, making circle edges highly distorted. Orthographic projection preserves either equivalent angles or areas. Mapmaker can choose to keep equivalent areas or equivalent directions but cannot choose both.
3-Geometry-Projections-Sphere To Plane
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Date Modified: 2022.0225